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Some of the best perfumes for women are available at your favourite online shopping app

So you are going out for a chill evening with friends or maybe on a romantic date. You might be attending a wedding or a birthday bash. There are so many occasions when every woman wants to look and feel her absolute best. So you get your best dress out of the closet, put on some really nice makeup and layer some great jewellery pieces. But do you know what the most important part of dressing up is? It is to smell good. Good perfumes will keep you smelling heavenly all day long and will also boost your confidence.

Online shopping apps

If you are looking for the best fragrances for women in India and you do not want to go to a cosmetic shop; do not worry because the best Indian shopping app is the place to go. Everything today can be ordered on an online shopping app, and believe it or not, perfumes can also be ordered online. While online shopping app for perfumes, you can carefully see the ingredients and fragrances in a particular perfume and study the description of the various smell notes – top notes, heart notes and base notes – in them and decide which one is for you. Many perfume fragrances fall into categories like spicy, fruity, floral, tropical, watery, etc. Some perfumes might even be a combination of a couple or more of them.

For some women, packaging matters as well. A good online shopping app always has a nice and clear picture of the perfume bottle for you to see. Some people like fancy perfume bottles while others prefer simple and chick ones. The choice can also depend on whether it is for gifting purposes. Whatever be the case, you can check out the pictures and make the appropriate choice.

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All the best shopping apps will have a nice range of perfumes under all the categories. You can look for an online shopping app that provides a free trial of the products, which is especially great when it comes to perfumes because you can see for yourself if you like wearing a particular perfume or would like to experiment with others.

Best perfumes for women in India

As mentioned earlier, there are thousands of perfumes for women to choose from. However, let us mention some that are popular and loved by many, so it might make it easier for you to choose.

If you love floral fragrances, then Love and Joy by All Good Scents is the best pick for you. Its top notes are Freesia, Peony and Litchi, while the heart and the base notes include Magnolia, Amber, Rose, White Musk etc.

Who hasn’t heard of the brand Bvlgari? There perfume Omnia Paraiba EDT has a floral scent inspired by the Brazilian jungle, beaches and oceans. It is composed of Bigarade orange and Maracuja passion fruit and also includes notes of passionflower, Braziliangardenia Floral Touch EDT by Tous is another great floral fragrance to try out.

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Some other brands with a great collection of perfumes for women are the Swiss army with fragrances like Victoria EDT that has plum, freesia and black currant, Paris Hilton, Vanessa, Otto Quotidano etc.

It is essential to smell fresh and good to make a good impression. Make sure you get a nice perfume that will help you smell great all day long. Some of the best perfumes for women are available on your favourite online shopping app. You must check out the brands for a nice variety of floral, fruity, tropical and spicy fragrances are Bvlgari, Tous, All Good Scents, Paris Hilton and Otto Quotidano. You can explore fragrance notes from black currant and plum to floral ones like rose, magnolia, amber etc.

What Vaccines Does Your Little One Need?

A vaccine is made with inactive parts of an antigen. When the vaccine is administered to a child, the antigen in it triggers an immune response in the kid’s body. This mimics the first reaction to the actual pathogen. In this way, the body develops the memory of the pathogen and gets trained to fight the organism whenever exposed to it in the future.

There are various compulsory vaccines for children in India. In the current scenario, your little one needs a COVID-19 vaccine on the dates to be declared by the Government. Besides, here is a list of vaccines that your kid must receive on time, preferably from the best maternity hospital.

Read More – Baby Immunization Schedule 2021

Mandatory Vaccines for Children in India

BCG: It’s called the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine. This vaccine helps children fight against tuberculosis.
Hep A: It strengthens the immune system of children against Hepatitis A, a kind of contagious liver infection.
Hep B: It immunises kids against another liver infection, Hepatitis B.
OPV: It stands for oral poliovirus vaccine. This vaccine helps protect kids against the infection, poliomyelitis caused by the poliovirus. It may come in 1, 2 or all the 3 serotypes of the live attenuated strains of this virus.
Hib: It helps protect children against bacterial meningitis caused by the bacteria, Haemophilus influenzae type B.
IPV: It’s the inactivated poliovirus vaccine that immunises children against poliomyelitis.
PCV: Called the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, it strengthens the immunity power of kids to combat pneumococcal diseases like pneumonia.
DTP: It helps protect kids against the three diseases, diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis. DTwP is administered for whole-cell pertussis and DTaP for acellular pertussis.
Rota: It helps children combat the infection, diphtheria caused by rotavirus.
TCV: Known as the typhoid conjugate vaccine, it helps protect children against typhoid fever.
MMR: This vaccine helps kids combat the three infections, measles, mumps and rubella.
Varicella vaccine: It improves the immune system of kids against chickenpox, and that’s why also called the chickenpox vaccine.
HPV: This vaccine immunises girls against vaginal, vulvar and cervical cancers and some infections caused by human papillomavirus.
Tdap/Td: The Tdap helps kids fight against the diseases, tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis. The Td vaccine immunises children to combat tetanus and diphtheria.
Influenza vaccine: It enhances the immunity power of children to fight against influenza (flu).

Learn more about – Fruits to Avoid During Pregnancy Diet

Schedule of Vaccines for Children in India

At birth: BCG, Hep-B1, OPV
6 weeks: Hep-B2, Hib-1, IPV-1, PCV-1, DTP-1, Rota-1
10 weeks: Hep-B3, Hib-2, IPV-2, PCV-2, DTP-2, Rota-2
14 weeks: Hep-B4, Hib-3, IPV-3, PCV-3, DTP-3, Rota-3
6 months: Influenza 1
7 months: Influenza 2
6–9 months: TCV
9 months: MMR-1
12 months: Hep-A1
12–15 months: PCV Booster
15 months: MMR-2, Varicella vaccine
16–18 months: Hib-B1, IPV-B1, DTP
18–19 months: Hep-A2, Varicella 2
4–6 years: IPV-B2, DTP, MMR-3
9–15 years (for girls): HPV (two doses)
10–12 years: Tdap/Td
2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th years: Influenza Vaccine

Ensure that your child receives all the doses of every compulsory vaccine on time. For that, consider visiting the best maternity hospital near you.

Also, read – What is Difference between PCOD vs PCOS?

How is ICSI different from IVF?

ICSI and IVF are two different techniques that are used to treat infertility. ICSI is used in conjunction with IVF. There are so many similarities between ICSI and IVF procedure. In both procedures, the egg cells are artificially retrieved from the women. The fertilization happens outside the female body in both procedures. The embryo thus formed is then directly transplanted in the uterus. The major difference between ICSI and IVF is that in ICSI, a single sperm is injected into the center of the egg, while in IVF, eggs and sperms are fertilized in a petri dish. Let’s understand both the procedures in detail:

What is ICSI?

The intracytoplasmic sperm injection is a fertility treatment where single sperm is directly injected into the egg for fertilization to happen. A single sperm is picked up for fertilization using a fine glass needle.

Who is a suitable candidate for ICSI?

Men with low sperm counts
Men having abnormally shaped sperm with low motility
Men with sperms that are high in antibodies
Failed IVF cases
Men whose sperms are retrieved through urine or electro-ejaculation
Individuals who need testing for genetic abnormalities in their embryo

ICSI procedure

The ICSI procedure involves stimulating the ovaries with progesterone for egg formation in a fertility centre in Delhi. On the day of retrieval of the egg, sperms are also ejaculated. To inject the sperm into the egg cell, microinjection is used. The fertilized egg then develops into an embryo in two days. Using a catheter, one or two embryos are transferred to the uterus. A pregnancy test is performed after a couple of days. Usually, the success rate of the ICSI treatment procedure is 25%; however, it also depends on the age of the women.

What is IVF?

IVF is a fertility treatment in which fertilization happens outside the body. The fertilization in IVF takes place in a petri dish.

Who is a suitable candidate for IVF?

Women above 40 years
Women with blocked or damaged fallopian tubes
Females with endometriosis
Males with a reduced number of sperms
Unexplained infertility

IVF procedure

The procedure involves stimulation of the ovaries, and the mature oocytes are collected. The fertilization of the mature eggs with the sperms takes place once the sperms are collected. The fertilized egg is then developed in a petri dish, and it is transferred into the uterus within five days. The patients are advised to take progesterone for up to 10 weeks once the embryo is transferred, as it facilitates the embryo attachment in the uterus.

ICSI and IVF are the techniques that are used to treat infertility. The fertilization in both takes place outside the female body. The main difference between the procedure lies in the method of fertilization. In ICSI, one sperm is punctured into the egg, and in IVF, both sperm and eggs are mixed in a petri dish. Additionally, ICSI treatment cost is much lower than IVF.

4 Popular Vegan Leather Types

You might have seen various celebrities sporting luxurious vegan handbags carved out of leather. Is this real leather? And, if yes, then how does one not get hold of leather without considering animal hide. Vegan leather is a form of leather that usually uses various plant proteins, and the result is simply remarkable. One would not be able to spot the difference between regular animal produced leather and vegan leather unless you have a very refined vision and deep knowledge about leather.

Vegan leather is relatively new and better because it does not use animal hide, which traditionally is the sole ingredient behind the composition of traditional leather. If the concept is new to you, let us first understand vegan leather and its most popular 4 variants.

What Does One Mean by Vegan Leather?

As the name would suggest, just like any other vegan product this one too is not made out of any animal products. Many even refer to this variant as “synthetic leather” because it is not extracted out of the regular authentic means. Nowadays, we can see that the usage of vegan leather is increasing manifold, and the primary domain of usage is in the fashion industry because it is comparatively a softer material. The major building material behind vegan leather is polyurethane and this in most cases replicates the exact finish.

Different Types Of Vegan Leather:

Vegan leather is made out of either synthetic or plant by-products and hence the name. We have tried to mention some of the most common ones in the market today.

Pinatex Leather:

Leather from pineapple trees, doesn’t it sound bizarre? Well, Pinatex Leather is one form where the unused by-products of pineapple trees are used extensively in the production of leather. It not only limits the use of animal hide but also allows the pineapple farmers to get rid of the excess. This form of leather is completely eco-friendly, and more importantly, the end product is quite desirable.

Cactus Leather:

As miraculous as it might sound, the industry of producing leather and that too from the cactus is quite booming currently. The cactus leaves are quite sturdy, and they can be used very easily by most industries to procure good quality leather. These are sustainable, and in most cases will produce a great variant of faux leather. Cactus leather can be used across various industries; be it fashion or even various other utilities.

Tree Bark Leather:

As the name would suggest, this particular variant of leather is procured with the help of by-products from tree barks. Not only is it eco-friendly, but it is also highly sustainable. The best thing about this leather variant is that it is durable, sustainable and can be molded easily. Usually, it is an amalgamation of non-toxic chemicals tended within industries to ensure that the end product is as beautiful as the original leather.

Paper Leather:

As surprising as the name might sound, paper is also a widely used variant out of which leather is extracted. Usually, a lot of chemical procedures are involved in the manufacturing of leather out of paper. However, speaking from an unbiased background, it would not be wrong to say that the variant of paper leather is not that different from your regular leather. The major difference is that it is eco-friendly and used commonly by big designers and brands to create iconic fashion statements.

Conclusion

If you are an animal activist or just find it wrong to use animal skin for fashion or accessories, vegan options are the best for you! In this respect, we must mention Tiger Marrón vegan leather accessories, which are certainly the best of the genre. You could choose to visit their website and have a detailed overview of the various trendy vegan leather products!

Why Debt Funds are a Better Choice than Fixed Deposits?

As fixed deposit interest rates decline to a record low (4%-5%), several investors are thinking about switching to debt mutual funds in India as a viable alternative.

According to a CARE Ratings report of April 2021, inflows into these funds this year were 1.3 times more than that last year. However, FDs made for 88.8% of total deposits this year, a slight fall from its share of 89.5% recorded in May 2020.

Why Should You Invest in Debt Funds?

These funds invest in fixed income tools like corporate and government bonds, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, treasury bills and more. The Securities and Exchange Board of India has classified these mutual funds into 16 types based on where the corpus is invested.

In terms of risks, these funds come closest to conventional fixed deposits. The funds mainly aim to offer investors steady returns throughout the investment period. Based on your financial goal, you can invest in long-term or short-term debt mutual funds.

You can learn about different debt funds and their duration from the asset management companies directly. Then you can understand a fund’s performance in relation to interest rates. Also, you can easily make informed decisions and take advantage of any market volatility.

Difference Between FDs and Debt Funds

Let’s check out how fixed deposits are different from debt mutual funds. Below is a table to help you choose the better investment option.

Particulars	Fixed Deposits	Debt Funds
Rate of returns	6%-8%	7%-9%
Liquidity	Low	High
Early withdrawal	A penalty is charged on premature withdrawals.	Permitted with or without exit load as per the mutual fund type.
Dividend option	No	Yes
Investment option	The only option is a lump-sum investment.	Choose between a one-time investment or an SIP.
Investment expenditure	No management costs.	Pay a nominal expense ratio.
Risk	Low	Low to moderate

As you can see from the table, pros weigh more than cons for investing in fixed income funds.

Banks offer a pre-set interest rate for FDs according to the chosen tenure. Debt fund returns highly rely on the overall interest rate movement. The returns may be moderate (but comparatively more than FD returns) in the form of regular income and capital appreciation. Although market highs and lows don’t affect fixed deposit returns, these mutual funds still outsmart FDs considerably when low interest rates prevail in the economy.

Taxation: On debt mutual funds, short-term gains (for less than 3 years) are taxed based on your tax slab rate. Long-term gains (for up to 3 years or above) are taxed at 20% with the advantage of indexation. When it comes to FD returns, the gains are taxable according to your tax slabs.

Inflation Adaptability: Debt funds have the potential to combat market inflation. If, for example, the inflation rate is 5% when you have invested in a fixed deposit at 6% interest, the estimated returns would be only 1%. However, credit funds may generate comparatively higher returns.

Based on your risk appetite, investment goal, time horizon and income tax slab, you may prefer investing in debt mutual funds over FDs.

5 Street Shopping Destinations That London Locals Love

London, alongside Paris, reigns as a bona fide fashion capital of the world. Any shopaholic worth their salt knows the UK capital is where the best of all worlds flagship outlets, indie brands, boutique stores, and chic cafés can be casually found on the same street. Iconic stores like Selfridges, Harrods, and Fortnum & Masons are institutions here that spell luxury and refinement. And if you’re getting on that Delhi to London flight soon, here are the five of the best-loved shopping streets in London.

King’s Road, SW3

This iconic thoroughfare bursts with upscale brand stores, chic boutiques, and establishments where one can buy antiques and other knick-knacks. No matter if you’re into contemporary French fashion or snazzy sportswear, you’ll get it at King’s Road. Don’t forget to pick up a bottle of the limited-edition luxury perfumes on offer here. As the name suggests, this lane was exclusively used by Charles II in the 17th century and enjoys a connection with the Swinging Sixties too. History lovers can check Delhi to London flight prices for their most memorable holiday.

Oxford Street, West End

This famous shopping street enjoys a reputation that is second to none, and for good reason. You will not find boutique establishments here, but those looking for really affordable high street picks and iconic department stores housed in stunning Art Deco structures will find themselves in the right place here. Close to 90 flagship stores spanning fashion, homeware, cosmetics, and tech products make up the mile-and-a-half thoroughfare which famously starts with a historic Marble Arch. Heathrow Airport is just 30 minutes away, in case you wish to visit it just before your London to Delhi flight.

Brompton Road, Knightsbridge

Together with West End, the bustling Brompton Road constitutes one of the two International Centres in the 2016 London Plan. Visitors flock to this popular shopping district for its two iconic stores—Harvey Nichols and Harrods. Shopping at the latter is quite an experience as the store boasts seven levels, with their elegant restaurant The Georgian at the top, overlooking the glitz of Knightsbridge. In the past few years, several new retail outlets have come up on Brompton Road.

Lamb’s Conduit Street, WC1

If you’ve only got boutique stores on your mind on your Delhi to London flight, the very artsy Lamb’s Conduit Street is the name. The thoroughfare is studded with decor stores, nifty boutiques, independent cafés, and several local institutions, but Londoners also swear by the range of men’s fashion available here. Nearby, the Camden Market is one of London’s oldest shopper haunts where you can pick up chic clothing, books, produce, and sample great food as well.

Carnaby Street, City of Westminster

If you’re anywhere around Soho, head straight for Carnaby Street, where the leaders in lifestyle and fashion hobnob with sought-after boutique stores. Those into heritage will have a great time spotting the buildings housing these stores since most of them are listed structures. In case you’re due to catch a London to Delhi flight soon, don’t forget to grab a pint at Shakespeare’s Pub. Close by is Newburgh Quarter, where one can browse some iconic brand stores.

5 Factors to Consider Before Investing in Gold ETFs

The Indian market of gold ETFs (exchange-traded funds) is of 10 years. These ETFs as an investment option have shown remarkable growth due to some reasons. One is the usual high demand for gold in households together with the global uncertainty induced by the pandemic. Another is the geopolitical tensions between the USA and Russia after the 2020 presidential election.

But market shares of gold ETFs are low, although growing, putting them in unpredictable infancy. So, it is important to consider the following 5 points before investing in gold ETFs.

5 Things to Consider for Gold ETF Investment

Past performance record of the asset management company: Check how gold ETFs of the chosen asset management company have performed in the past. If the performance is good, you can expect the same in future besides general overall efficiency.
Liquidity: Also, check the trading activity on a gold ETF. When it is high, liquidity goes up and you can enjoy higher returns.
The tracking error of an ETF: Exchange-traded funds usually track their underlying indexes in detail. The general recommendation is that you must choose a gold ETF fund having the lowest possible tracking error.
Applicable taxes: Learn the taxes applicable to gold exchange-traded funds before investing in them. On redeeming them, you need to pay capital gains for up to 3 years because they’re regarded as non-equity assets. Long-term capital gains are taxed at 20% after considering indexation benefits. As these ETFs are not equities, they aren’t subject to the Securities Transaction Tax.
Hedge against inflation
Unlike equities, gold ETF funds don’t provide revenue over time. Rather they act as hedges to protect your portfolio from inflation. This also implies that these funds perform well even during periods of economic uncertainty.

Additional Points to Consider

The above 5 factors are crucial to consider when you choose to invest in gold exchange-traded funds. But you should also know the following additional information:

Selling or purchasing gold ETFs has no impact on the fund’s AUM (assets under management). While the AUM remains as it is, solely the transfer of ownership in an ETF transaction occurs.
The Securities and Exchange Board of India regulates gold ETF funds, every unit of which is supported by a physical unit of gold of equal value. Most of these funds keep the physical gold in custody with the Scotiabank (the Bank of Nova Scotia), branches in Delhi and Mumbai.
Only the market value of physical gold can directly affect the prices of gold ETFs.
You can buy and sell these ETFs in the stock market with the help of a Demat account. This works exactly like any other asset that you trade in the stock market.

It is good to use gold ETFs not as a daily profit-trading way but as hedge investments and safe assets. Avoid rash purchasing and selling to prevent incurring losses. Wisely consider each aspect of investing in these funds and carry out thorough research to find a good asset management company so you can benefit from your investment.

Reasons you should Consider Leather Goods

Leather is a long-lasting material that is used in the creation of thousands of elegant products. As a consumer, one always prefers to invest in goods that have a long lifespan, are durable and exceptional. Arguably, handmade leather backpacks, desk accessories, laptop bags, wallets, and belts are all better and more luxurious in leather.

If you are still wondering about the reasons to opt-in for leather products, then this blog is for you. Here, we have aimed to encourage you to buy high-quality handmade leather goods and assist you in making the best decision among the available options.

Reasons you should Consider Leather Goods

BASIS TO CONSIDER LEATHER GOODS

● Durability

Leather products are subjected to time-consuming processes that increase their strength and durability significantly. Therefore, leather goods have a longer lifespan and are easier to maintain.

● Elegancy

Leather could be minimal and still lift the entire look. It has the attributes of catching everyone`s eye with its grace. Basic items like leather handbags, backpacks, watch straps, or mobile covers can flaunt the elegance of leatherware.

● Variation

The leather product range is unbelievably wide. Leather is not limited to handbags, wallets, backpacks anymore. The collection has expanded to products like notebooks, desk accessories, belt bags, duffle bags, key chains, and so much more.

There is a product for everyone everywhere.

● Classic

Leatherware is timeless. The minimal yet chic appearance of the leather never runs out of fashion trends. For instance, a full-grain leather handbag has been in style forever.

● Nature

Machine-made products may look amazing but are not as durable as handmade or products derived from Nature. The modern production of leatherware and handmade leather inclusive of vegan leather is highly in demand due to its long-lasting quality and fashion.

● Preservation

The best part of investing in leatherware is its easy maintenance. Daily-use items like cardholders, belts, desk accessories, watch straps, mobile covers don`t get damaged easily. A quick polishing once in a while is enough for them.

As previously stated, the reasons for switching to leatherware are numerous and completely justified. Nobody has ever regretted their purchase of leather. The cost of handmade and durable leather products is slightly higher than that of machine-made, unreliable products, but it appears to be an investment once purchased.

Because of its qualities, leather is enticing and timeless. Because of the features it provides, regular leatherware consumers gravitate toward them more frequently.

Rely Only on Trusted Brands

Tiger Marrón carters to clients’ needs with a constant focus on trends and quality. They possess the skillset of their expert artists in crafting handmade, durable, and contemporary leatherwares. Furthermore, Tiger Marrón handbags have made a name for the brand in the market. From fashion to luxury and durability to variety, they have got everything.

Is IFRS a wise career choice?

Since IFRS compliances are becoming mandatory in India, it is stressing the importance for one to know about IFRS. At the same time, this increases the scope of a career as an IFRS professional and the need for professionals having the skill set that is, at present, a rare resource.

Scope of IFRS Reporting in India

The IFRS course witnessed an enhanced scope in India because of its global recognition. This has created a learning segment for finance and accounting professionals to learn more about and enhance their career prospects.

A trend that has been noticed in Indian companies is to recruit candidates with knowledge and work experience in the IFRS apart from those having regular accounting and finance degrees. IFRS experts are expected to offer consultancy services to companies that need assistance with migrating their older accounts to new accounting structures. IFRS professionals can expect a career in corporate and public traded companies that are interested or engaged to expand their business on a global scale through joint ventures, international stock exchanges, or other modes since they are supposed to compulsorily follow IFRS standards.

People who are currently taking up the roles of financial analysts, financial controllers, chief accountants, chief financial officers, bank managers, finance managers, portfolio managers, or auditors are required to be IFRS proficient, which makes it not only a wise career choice but also an important one.

How CA professionals can go for IFRS

People, who work hard to crack CA are sometimes left with the question- “what to do after CA?”CA professionals can opt for IFRS certification to stand at power with global finance professionals. Because this equips them to work not only in India but abroad and in better roles where there is a lack of up. Eligible candidates.

Ever since the implementation of IRS guidelines began in India on 1st April 2011, companies have actively started hiring professionals. IFRS experts can also start their own private consultancy firms and enhance their income potential at the same time. Audit firms are also hiring professionals with relevant skill sets. To put it simply, IFRS reporting skills are mandatory to find employment if you are in the field of accountancy because every company that now needs IFRS compliance and the employment demand is sure to increase in the next five years.

IFRS vs. Diploma in IFRS

A diploma in IFRS, as compared to IFRS certification, requires greater effort and is ideal for those who are requiring a radical shift in their career or those who wish to kick start their career in finance and accounts from scratch. Eligibility in the case of a diploma is also a bit more stringent. Candidates should have completed graduation and possess relevant work experience in the financial sector of at least three years. One supplemental advantage of an IFRS Diploma is that it holds greater recognition and value among recruiters hiring in the finance sector.

IFRS Course Details Those willing to learn IFRS protocols can take up check IFRS course details of some online and offline courses. IFRS course duration for a diploma is three months, so you can choose what fits your preferences and needs.

Cancer Insurance: Understanding the Stages of Cancer

A cancer diagnosis can come as a setback to your life plans. It takes medical attention, time, and even significant lifestyle changes for some patients before they can claim a full recovery. The condition affects not only the patients but the lives of their near and dear ones as well. From a financial angle, cancer insurance can help lessen the burden of this terrible medical disease.

How Does Cancer Insurance Help?

Along with taking up most of your time and strength, cancer can also be financially demanding. Treatments are only one aspect of the associated cost. Healthcare during recovery, drugs, specialist fees, new lifestyle adjustments, and even loss of income, in some cases, are some of the other hidden costs we often forget to account for. If you want to avoid financial struggles waiting for you after you have defeated cancer, having a cancer plan can help. The sum assured or cover provided by cancer plans can help meet the aforementioned expenses.

Cancer progresses in stages, getting more serious as it grows from one stage to the next. Noteworthy signs and symptoms of cancer may not always appear in the initial stages. The medical attention required at each stage is varying. Insurance providers also recognise these stages of cancer, so that apt financial benefits can be claimed by the person insured.

To better understand how cancer insurance plans offer pay-outs based on stages, it would be wise to know about the four stages of cancer.

Stage 0

This stage is also known as CIS, or carcinoma in situ. The Latin phrase ‘in situ’ refers to ‘the original position’. In this stage, the cancerous cells are found only in their place of origin and have not spread any further. The growth may not be malignant or cancerous yet. Hence, the patient is at risk of developing cancer unless the growth is taken care of.

In this case, the cancer insurance benefits extended to the patient would be limited to 30% of the sum assured as a lump sum benefit. A stage 0/CIS claim can only be made once.

Stage 1

At this stage, the cancer is present but limited to a small, single area. This stage exists before the malignant growth has had a chance to spread to the lymph nodes or attack other areas of the body. The type of treatment required at this stage may differ according to the type of cancer you have (e.g., lung cancer, cervical cancer, and others) and what is the best course of treatment to help you regain your health.

For the purpose of insurance claims, stage 1 is given the same importance as CIS. 30% of the sum assured can be received from the claim, and such a claim can only be made once.

Stage 2

Stage 2 is considered a major stage. Most cancers at this stage are said to be curable but may need multiple modes of treatment. At this stage, the cancer may not have reached other parts of the body but may have affected the lymph nodes.

Pay-outs from your cancer plan at this stage will be the remainder of your sum assured if you have availed of any previous claims. The benefits can be disbursed as a lump sum. Alternatively, 40% can be taken as monthly pay-outs for three years, while the rest is accepted as a lump sum.

Stage 3

This stage is similar to stage 2, except that the cancer may have spread over a larger area. For the purpose of insurance claims, this is also considered a major stage and the parameters of stage 2 will apply.

Stage 4

Also known as ‘secondary’ or ‘metastatic’ cancer, this is the most advanced stage of cancer. At this stage, cancer has affected more than one organ. While cancer this advanced is likely to be fatal, treatment and recovery vary across types and grades of cancer.

Upon receiving a stage 4 cancer diagnosis, a patient with cancer insurance can receive up to 150% of the sum assured, sans any previous claims. This pay-out is given as a lump sum.